動詞ing的變化規(guī)則和用法
2022-06-18
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動詞ing形式變化規(guī)則的7種
動詞現(xiàn)在分詞由動詞原形在詞尾加ing構(gòu)成,其規(guī)則如下:
1)一般情況下直接加ing
think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying
2)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞,去掉字母e,再加ing
wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having
3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,呈現(xiàn)“輔,元,輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing 。初中學(xué)過的這類詞有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,不用雙寫)
travel雖然重讀第一音節(jié),詞尾音節(jié)不重讀,但是現(xiàn)在分詞仍要雙寫末尾輔音字母,然后再加ing ,如:travel---travelling. 初中階段此類詞只有這一個。
4)以 y 結(jié)尾的動詞 直接加 ing
carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying
5)以ie結(jié)尾的動詞,把ie改為y ,再加ing
die---dying lie---lying
要特別注意有些動詞沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài).
1、表示狀態(tài)、思想、感情和感覺的動詞,如:see, hear, love, know, want, hope, think等,沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài)。
2、當(dāng)have/has作為“擁有”時,沒有進(jìn)行時態(tài),但表示“開會,吃飯,玩得高興”等意思時,可以用進(jìn)行時表達(dá)。 I am having many books. (這是錯誤的句子)
I am having a good time. (這才是正確的句子)
動詞ing形式變化規(guī)則
-ing形式規(guī)則
1.一般情況直接+ing
例:sweep-sweeping read-reading
2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的去e+ing
例:take-taking make-making have-having
ride-riding
3.重讀閉音節(jié)一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,雙寫輔音字母+ing
例:shop-shopping sit-sitting swim-swimming
動詞ing形式變化規(guī)則一般總結(jié)為:
1. –ing 分詞的構(gòu)成主動形式 被動形式 doing being done 一般式 完成式 having done having been done 否定式: not+ --ing/not having(been) done 不是 having not (been) done
2. 一般式和完成式的用法--ing 分詞的一般式表示和謂語動詞所表示 的動作同時進(jìn)行的一個動作;完成式表示 先于謂語動詞動作之前的一個動作。如: Walking along the street, he caught sight of an old friend of his. Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
3. ---ing分詞的被動式當(dāng)-ing 分詞與它的邏輯主語構(gòu)成被 動關(guān)系時,需要用被動形式。根據(jù)-ing 分詞動作發(fā)生的時間,-ing分詞的被動 式分為一般被動式(being done)和完成被 動式(having been done), 如: The question being discussed is very important. Having been praised by the teacher, he works even harder.
4. ---ing分詞的句法功能1) ---ing 分詞作主語 Learning English has become a part of his life. It is no use trying to repair the ship. These holes are much too big. 2) ---ing分詞作賓語 以下動詞必須跟---ing分詞作賓語:admit/ appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy /excuse/finish/image/keep/mind/ miss/postpone/put off/practise/risk/stand/ stop/ suggest / give up/cannot help