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    have開頭是什么時(shí)態(tài)

    回答
    愛揚(yáng)教育

    2022-03-09

    have開頭是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。
    例句:
    I have just finished my work.
    我把工作做完。

    擴(kuò)展資料

      1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義

      現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)既可表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在所造成的結(jié)果或影響(此時(shí)通常連用的時(shí)間狀語有already,yet,just,ever,before),也可表示動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)間開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且還有可能持續(xù)下去(此時(shí)通常連用的時(shí)間狀語有this month / week / year,these days,recently / lately,in the past few + 時(shí)間段,since +時(shí)間點(diǎn),for + 時(shí)間段).如:

      I have just finished my work.我把工作做完.

      Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎?

      I have lived for ten years.我在這兒住了十年了.

      We have studied here since 2003.我們自2003年來就在這兒讀書了.

      2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)

      現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have / has + 過去分詞”構(gòu)成.

      3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的應(yīng)用

      (1) 非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞go,come,leave,borrow,buy,die,join的完成時(shí)的肯定式不能與時(shí)間段連用,若要接用時(shí)間段狀語,則應(yīng)換成相應(yīng)的持續(xù)動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞.如:

      He has left.他走了

      He has been away for an hour.他走了一個(gè)小時(shí)了.

      Can I borrow that book?我可以借那本書嗎?

      How long can I keep the book?這本書我可借多久?

      注意:非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定完成時(shí)可與時(shí)間段狀語連用.如:

      He has not borrowed the book since then.從此以后,他再也沒有借這本書了.

      (2) have / has been to 表示曾經(jīng)去過某地,但現(xiàn)在不在那兒;have / has gone to表示現(xiàn)在已去某地,現(xiàn)在不在這兒.如:

      He has been to Canada,but now he is working in our company.他去過加拿大,現(xiàn)在在我們公司工作.

      Mr.Li is not at home.He has gone to Shanghai.李先生不在家,他去上海了.

      (3) 完成時(shí)的肯定式常用already,而否定式和疑問句常用yet,但若already用于疑問句時(shí),表示一種出乎意外的驚訝.如:

      Have you read it already?你就看完了?

      4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與其他時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別

      (1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響,屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)的范疇;一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間,屬于過去時(shí)的范疇.因此,過去時(shí)需跟過去時(shí)間連用或有表過去時(shí)間的上下文連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與過去時(shí)間連用.如:

      I read the book two weeks ago.我兩周前讀了這本書.

      I have read the book for two weeks.這本書我讀過兩周了

      (2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或剛結(jié)束;而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)目前的狀態(tài).如:

      They have talked for about two hours.他們談了大約兩個(gè)小時(shí).(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù))

      They are talking.他們?cè)谡勗?(強(qiáng)調(diào)目前的狀態(tài))