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    英語基本句型舉例

    回答
    愛揚(yáng)教育

    2022-03-09

    英語基本句型舉例:
    主語+謂語
    例:It is raining. They read. We are playing . She studies .
    主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語
    例:I like English. He plays football. We plant trees .

    擴(kuò)展資料

      基本概念:與漢語相似,英語句子是由主語(subject), 謂語動詞(verb),賓語(object), 表語(predicative),狀語(adverbial),賓語補(bǔ)足語(object complement)等成分組成,按照這些成分的組合方式英語句子可分為五種基本句型。

    英語基本句型舉例

      句型一:主語+不及物動詞

      不及物動詞本身就可以表達(dá)完整的意念, 不需要賓語及補(bǔ)語, 但有時(shí)可有副詞, 介詞短語等狀語修飾語。

      e.g. The rain stopped .

      The old man walks in the park .

      句型一的擴(kuò)展:1.主語+不及物動詞+狀語

      e.g. The machine works smoothly. (機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。)

      2.There +不及物動詞+主語

      e.g. There is some milk in the bottle .

      There comes the bus .

      3. 主語+不及物動詞+ 動詞不定式

      e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他們停下來稍作休息)

      特別提醒:

      動詞stop 可用作不及物動詞,也可用作及物動詞。作不及物動詞時(shí), 通常后接動詞不定式,表示停下來的目的是做另一件事。作及物動詞時(shí),通常后接動名詞,表示停止做這件事。

      e.g. They stopped taking a rest .

      句型二 :主語+系動詞+表語

      系動詞本身不能表達(dá)完整的意念沒,需要形容詞,名詞,介詞短語等來補(bǔ)充說明主語,也叫主語補(bǔ)語。

      e.g. My sister is a nurse .

      I feel quite hungry .

      The ball is under the desk .

      句型三:主語+及物動詞+賓語

      及物動詞本身需要一個動作的接受者(賓語),才可以表達(dá)一個完整的意念。

      e.g. We are learning English .

      Do you know him ?

      Your radio needs repairing .

      She hopes to see her uncle.

      句型四:主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語

      有些及物動詞需要兩個賓語才能表達(dá)一個完整意念。

      e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt.

      Give me the book, please.

      特別提醒:

      A. 在此句型中, 通常是間接賓語(人)在前,直接賓語(物)在后,有時(shí)直接賓語和間接賓語可以對調(diào),這時(shí)間接賓語前應(yīng)加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。

      e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for her .

      Give the book to me , please .

      直接賓語與間接賓語對調(diào)時(shí),間接賓語前加介詞to的動詞有:

      give(給), tell(告訴) , lend(借給) , sell(賣), teach(教) , send(寄給), write(寫給), show(出示) , return(還給), bring(帶給), pass(遞給), leave(留給), offer(提供), hand(交給)

      間接賓語前加介詞for的動詞有:

      buy(買), choose(選擇), get (弄到), make(做), order(訂購), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏)

      B. 如果直接賓語為人稱代詞那么必須把直接賓放在間接賓語前,且間接賓語前要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。

      e.g. I handed it to our teacher .

      不能說:I handed our teacher it .

      C. 此句型變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí),可分為兩種情況。

      e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt .

      a. She was bought a skirt by her mother .

      b. A skirt was bought for her by her mother.

      句型五:主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語

      及物動詞本身需要一個賓語外, 還需要一個名詞,形容詞,副詞, 動詞不定式,分詞來補(bǔ)充說明賓語,才能表達(dá)一個完整的意念。

      e.g. We elected Li Yang our monitor.

      The news made us sad.

      She saw the thief steal into the shop .

      The teacher asked me to answer the question .

      I found the man stealing the money .

      I found my money stolen .

      特別提醒:

      A. 現(xiàn)在分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動關(guān)系;過去分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),賓語與過去分詞之間是被動關(guān)系。

      B. 在let(讓),make(使得),have(請,讓,使得),see(看),hear(聽到),watch(觀看),feel(感覺到),listen to (傾聽),look at (看到),notice(注意到)等動詞后的賓語補(bǔ)足語如果為不定式, 則省掉”to”,但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí), 則要帶”to”.

      e.g. We hear her sing next door.

      She is heard to sing next door .

      C. 此句型變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí),只有一種情況。

      e.g. They saw him steal the old man’s money.